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浅谈课堂教学的有效性
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发布时间：2009-03-09 来源： |
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<H3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=5><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-width: 150%">浅谈课堂教学的有效性</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-font-width: 150%"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></H3>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: right" align=right><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">——联系实际，改变教材的呈现方式<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上海市裘锦秋实验学校</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 2"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">王瑾</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小学数学是数学教育的基础，很多教师感慨如今的学生上课学习兴趣不浓，课堂气氛不活跃，那么如何将数学变得有趣、生动、易于理解；让学生活学、活用，从而培养学生的创新精神与实践能力呢？我想应从课堂教学着手，改变教材的呈现方式，联系实际学习数学，构建富有活力的数学课堂。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 26.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -26.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">一、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教材生活化：</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">现代数学教学新理念认为：要引导学生从生活经验的客观事实出发，在研究现实问题的过程中学习、理解和发展数学，密切数学与学生生活实际的联系。因此，数学课堂教学，要紧密联系学生的生活实际，从学生的生活经验和已有知识出发，创设生动有趣的情境，引导学生开展观察、操作、猜想、推理、交流等活动，使学生通过数学活动，掌握基本的数学知识和技能，初步学会从数学的角度去观察事物、思考问题，激发学生对数学的兴趣。使学生感受到数学就在自己的身边，就存在于自己熟悉的现实世界中。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">例题⒈：<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:PersonName w:st="on" ProductID="王">王</st1:PersonName>老师带</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元钱，买了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">支钢笔，每支</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元，还剩下多少元？可以给它改一下，将例题改编为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">“</SPAN><st1:PersonName w:st="on" ProductID="王"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">王</SPAN></st1:PersonName><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">老师到文具店买校运会奖品，准备买钢笔</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">支，每支</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元，只带</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元钱够买这些东西吗？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">由于改编后的问题具有现实意义，贴近生活，但又不能套用哪一类问题的解题规律，迫使学生自己去动脑筋寻找解决问题的办法。教学中发现学生运用了多种解决问题的的办法。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">除了应用①</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">－</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">×</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">＝</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（元）进行比较外；不少学生还想出了别出心裁的方法：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">②</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">÷</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">＝</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（支）…</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（元）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 2"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">③</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">÷</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">＝</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（元）…</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（元）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">两种假设的方法进行推断，得出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元钱够买每支</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元的钢笔</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">支。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">例题⒉：复习《平面图形的面积计算》时，如果按照教材上方式复习，学生学习兴趣不浓，教学中我出示：<st1:PersonName w:st="on" ProductID="周">周</st1:PersonName>老师家有个门要进行油漆，正方形玻璃以及下面几个几何图案部分不漆（给出数据），你能计算出油漆部分的面积吗？学生很容易得出：要用长方形的面积减去正方形面积、平行四边形面积、梯形及三角形的面积。这时自然要回忆起每种平面图形的面积计算公式，不需强迫他们去机械回忆，而帮助教师解决生活中“难题”肯定让他们欲欲一试。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 26.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -26.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">二、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">知识过程化</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">《数学课程标准》指出：“动手实践、自主探索与合作交流是学生学习数学的重要方式。数学学习活动应当是一个生动活泼的、主动的和富有个性的过程。”而教材上的知识一般限于篇幅，不可能把所有的教学内容都讲得十分详尽，所以学生往往看到的是结果，而不是知识的形成过程和思维活动的过程。为此，教师在课堂教学中应合理有效地使用各种教学方法与手段，引导学生开展多种形式的数学学习活动，使学生有效地经历数学知识的形成过程。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">例如：在教学</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">近似值</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时，我们模拟到超市买商品的情境，由老师担当营业员，让学生轮流当顾客买一定数量的某种商品。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">学生甲：每千克</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">12.32</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元的水果冻，买</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="2" UnitName="千克"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">千克</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">营业员：请您付</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">24.6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">学生乙：每千克</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">10.52</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元的什锦糖，买</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="3" UnitName="千克"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">千克</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">营业员：请您付</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">31.6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">甲乙两同学验算后肯定会提出疑问：每千克</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">12.32</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元的水果冻，买</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="2" UnitName="千克"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">千克</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">怎么要付</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">24.6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元，应该付</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">24.64</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元；而每千克</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">10.52</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元的什锦糖，买</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="3" UnitName="千克"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">千克</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">怎么要付</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">31.6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元，应该付</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">31.56</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一石激起千层浪，其他学生也纷纷提出了同样的疑问。此时，教师再引出学习的内容。这样，用学生身边发生的事，呈现教学内容。增加了数学教学的趣味性和现实性，在事情发生的过程中学习近似值，这样学生不再感到枯燥乏味，增强了教学实效。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 26.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -26.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">三、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">内容弹性化</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">教材内容的呈现应根据学生不同的知识背景和知识发展水平，采用不同的表达方式，以满足学生多样化的学习需要。而实际中教材是统一的、适合各地区的一般化学生的，所以教材里的教学内容不一定适合每个班级。这就意味着教师要有驾驭和处理教材的能力，有自由选择的弹性化空间。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">例如：在低年级应用题教学中出示：小华原来得了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">朵红花，又得了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">朵。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">师：这道题完整吗？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">生：不完整，还少问题呢！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">师：谁<st1:PersonName w:st="on" ProductID="能帮">能帮</st1:PersonName>老师提出问题并说明理由。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">生：原来得的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">朵是一部分，又得到的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">朵是另一部分，可以求出现在一共有几朵。师：你能给同桌同学出一道缺少问题的应用题吗？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">学生们讨论的十分热烈，有比多少、求和、求剩余等简单应用题，既练习了编题又练习了给应用题提问题，一举两得。而在此基础上还可以进一步练习：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">师：出示：小华原来有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">朵红花，现在有多少朵红花？问：这道题少什么？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">生：这道题少一个条件。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">师：你能不能补个条件？再说说如何解答？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">生：小华原来有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">朵红花，又得了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">朵。现在有多少红花？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">＋</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">＝</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">25</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（朵）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小华原来有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">朵红花，掉了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">朵。现在有多少红花？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">－</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">＝</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">13</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（朵）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小华原来有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">朵红花，又得了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">朵，可是丢了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">朵。现在有多少红花？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">＋</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">－</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">5=23</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（朵）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 26.25pt; TEXT-INDENT: -26.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">四、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">途径多样化</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">数学课堂教学是数学活动的教学，是师生之间、学生之间交往互动与共同发展的过程。改变学生的学习方式，使其由被动地接受学习，转变为主动地探究学习，是当前课程改革的重点之一。我们应当知道教科书并非唯一的数学课程资源。在教学活动中，教师要创造性地使用教材，积极开发、利用各种教学资源，为学生提供丰富多彩的学习素材。这就需要教师及时吸收、补充一些富有时代气息的、贴近学生生活实际的、为学生所喜闻乐见的学习材料，让学生在解决身边具体问题的过程中，体验数学的价值。</SPAN></P> |
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